What is root resorption?
Resorption is a process in which the body breaks down and absorbs tissue surrounding a tooth. This is part of the normal transition from a primary tooth to a permanent tooth, but it is not expected in a permanent adult tooth.
The cause is not always clear. In some cases, resorption has been associated with prior dental trauma, orthodontic forces, significant grinding or clenching, or other changes affecting the tooth and its supporting tissues.
External and internal resorption
External resorption begins on the outside surface of the tooth or root. External cervical resorption develops near the gumline and can sometimes resemble a cavity or appear as a pink area through the tooth.
Internal resorption begins within the pulp space and works outward. It may be associated with chronic inflammation of the pulp, though a definite cause is not always identified.
Why early detection matters
Resorption often causes no symptoms in its early stages and may first appear on an X-ray. As it progresses, it can weaken the tooth and make treatment more complex.
Treatment depends on where the resorption is located and how much tooth structure is affected. Options may include repairing the affected area, root canal treatment, or removing a tooth that cannot be predictably restored. A specialist evaluation and appropriate imaging help define the extent of the problem before a recommendation is made.
A resorptive defect may be difficult to see or feel early on. Timely evaluation gives the tooth the best chance of receiving appropriate care.